Twenty Lectures on Social Sciences.

Summary

Feudal society served as a transitional phase in human history, evolving from clan and slave systems due to increased productivity and the emergence of private property. Serfdom replaced slavery, allowing serfs to cultivate land while owing labor to their lords. Initially beneficial, this system deteriorated as lords became exploitative, leading to peasant struggles and societal conflict. The rise of commerce and money facilitated the shift to capitalism, characterized by wage labor and the division of labor. Ultimately, feudal relations hindered productivity, paving the way for capitalist production methods, marking the decline of feudalism and the rise of new economic structures.

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